RAPP
Risk Assessment of Pushing and Pulling
Overview
RAPP is a UK Health and Safety Executive tool used to assess the risk of musculoskeletal injury associated with pushing and pulling tasks — a category of manual handling that is often overlooked in favour of lifting assessment despite being a significant cause of back and shoulder injury in the workplace. The RAPP tool covers two scenarios — pushing or pulling load s over a distance, and pushing or pulling loads in a fixed position — and evaluates risk factors including the force required, the frequency and duration of the task, posture, the load handling equipment used, the floor surface, and the working environment . Like the MAC tool, RAPP uses a colour -coded risk classification system — green, amber, and red — to communicate risk level and guide intervention.